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ByNomaanMerchant The Associated Press DALLAS Military service changed the Dallas gun- man from an extrovert into a hermit, his parents said in an interview excerpt pub- lished Monday. Micah Johnson's mother, Delphine Johnson, told The- Blaze website in an inter- view that her son wanted to be a police officer as a child. His six years in the Army Reserve, including a tour in Afghanistan, were "not what Micah thought it would be ... what he thought the military represented, it just didn't live up to his expecta- tions." Ac- cording to the military lawyer who represented him, John- son was accused of sexu- ally harassing a female sol- dier while deployed. His father, James John- son said haltingly and through tears: "I don't know what to say to any- body to make anything bet- ter. I didn't see it coming." The black 25-year-old fatally shot five officers in Thursday's attack while hundreds of people were gathered in downtown Dallas to protest recent fa- tal police shootings, and wounded at least nine offi- cers and two civilians. Dallas Police Chief Da- vid Brown clarified Monday where Johnson was killed with a bomb delivered by a remote-controlled robot, saying that it happened on the second floor of El Cen- tro College, not a parking garage as authorities previ- ously described. Brown did not provide more details, including the locations of the negotiations that came before the bomb. The police chief again de- fended the decision to use the robot, saying he had "al- ready killed us in a grave way, and officers were in surgery that didn't make it." "This wasn't an ethical dilemma for me," Brown said. "I'd do it again ... to save our officers' lives." Authorities have said Johnson had plans for a larger assault, possessed enough explosive material to inflict far greater harm and kept a journal of combat tactics. Eleven officers fired at Johnson and two used an explosivedevice,Brownsaid, addingthattheinvestigation will involve more than 170 hours of body camera foot- age and "countless hours" of dashcam video. "Bravery is not a strong enough word to describe what they did that day," Brown said of officers' re- sponse to Thursday's events. SurgeonsatParklandMe- morial Hospital spoke Mon- day afternoon about treat- ing some of the victims. Dr. Brian H. Williams, who is black, said: "It weighs on my mind constantly (that he was unable to save the offi- cers ... It has to stop. Black men dying and being for- gotten. People retaliating against the people sworn to protect us." Dr. Alex Eastman, the director of the hospital's trauma center who also is a deputy medical director with the city's police de- partment, said the shoot- ings "rocked some guys to their core that I thought were unshakable." Brown provided details of authorities' negotiations with police Sunday on CNN's "State of the Union," saying Johnson laughed at authorities, sang and at one point asked how many offi- cers he had shot. Johnson insisted on speaking with a black negotiator and wrote "RB" and other markings in blood on the wall — the meanings of which were un- clear and being looked at by investigators, Brown said. Federal agents are try- ing to trace the origin of the weaponsusedbyJohnson,in- cludingamilitary-stylesemi- automatic rifle. About 30 agents are involved in identi- fyingbulletcasings,saidWil- liamTemple,theDallasagent in charge for the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. Johnson's time in the Army was marked by a sex- ual harassment accusation in May 2014 while in Af- ghanistan. The Army sent him stateside, recommend- ing an "other than honor- able discharge" — which is "highly unusual" because counseling is usually or- dered before more drastic steps are taken, said Brad- ford Glendening, the mil- itary lawyer who repre- sented him. DALLAS SHOOTING Family:Suspectchanged a er military service ERICGAY—THEASSOCIATEDPRESS Dallas Police Chief David Brown answers questions during a news conference Monday in Dallas. Johnson By David Eggert and Ed White The Associated Press ST.JOSEPH,MICH. Two bai- liffs were shot and killed Monday inside a south- western Michigan court- house before officers killed the gunman, a sher- iff said. The incident occurred on the third floor of the Ber- rien County Courthouse in St. Joseph, 100 miles north- east of Chicago. Sheriff Paul Bailey didn't provide additional details on how the shooting hap- pened. He said he did not know anything about the shooter, why he was in the courthouse or how he got a gun. A sheriff's deputy who was shot was in stable con- dition at a hospital, and a fifth person was injured, although how that person was hurt wasn't immedi- ately clear. "I stand here with a heavy heart. A person has shot two bailiffs. They're both deceased," Bailey told reporters. Other people in the area of the shooting sought shel- ter before "brave officers were able to come to their rescue and take the shooter down," the sheriff said. He didn't elaborate. Bailey said he felt "terri- ble" about the deaths. Berrien County, which borders Indiana, is in the far southwestern corner of Michigan. SHOOTING Sheriff: 2 bailiffs, suspect dead in Mich. courthouse CHELSEA PURGAHN — KALAMAZOO GAZETTE Police tape surrounds the Berrien County Courthouse on Monday in St. Joseph, Michigan. ARTHUR REED Alton Sterling is held by two Baton Rouge police officers, with one holding a hand gun, outside a convenience store in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in this still from video. By Lisa Marie Pane The Associated Press Deadly force occurs in less than 1 percent of the millions of encounters police have with people each year. A look at the laws and policies govern- ing when police can use deadly force: Forcejustified? There are two defining cases. In Tennessee v. Gar- ner in 1985, the U.S. Su- preme Court ruled that an officer cannot use deadly force against a fleeing sus- pect unless the suspect is a significant threat to the of- ficer or to others. Four years later, the Su- preme Court ruled in Gra- ham v. Connor that offi- cers who use force must be judged on the totality of circumstances and a stan- dard of "objective reason- ableness." Force "must be judged from the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene, rather than with the 20/20 vision of hindsight," the court said. The Graham case Dethorne Graham was a diabetic who was expe- riencing a blood-sugar ep- isode. He asked a friend to drop him off at a store so he could get orange juice. When Graham saw the long line, he left behind the juice, ran out of the store and rode away in a car. An officer saw Graham leave, became suspicious and pulled him over to in- vestigate. Backup officers arrived and handcuffed Graham, ignoring his pleas that he was having a diabetic reaction. During the encounter he suffered multiple injuries. He was released after the initial officer deter- mined nothing illegal had happened. Graham sued, claiming excessive force. The court decided against him, say- ing Graham's erratic ac- tions justified the officer's suspicion. How much force? Force should be lim- ited to what is needed to make a suspect comply with police instructions, said Darrel Stephens, the Major Cities Chiefs of Po- lice Association's executive director. "After you gain com- pliance, it's inappropri- ate for you to continue to use force. That's where, at times, police officers get carried away and go be- yond," he said. "They kick or punch somebody just because of their anger." Doesgunjustifyforce? Not necessarily. A gun on a suspect may heighten the officer's alert for signs the person is reaching for the firearm. Responding to a threat often involves immediate decisions. But the justification for using force depends on the com- plete circumstances of the situation and the Graham decision's reasonableness standard. "The presence of a fire- arm dramatically changes the use-of-force decision- making," said Chuck Wex- ler, the Police Executive Research Forum's execu- tive director. For police, he said knowledge of a gun on a suspect takes the situa- tion "from zero to 60 in a split second." When are the police justified in using deadly force? LAW ENFORCEMENT RED BLUFF OUTDOOR POWER 490 Antelope Blvd. 527.5741 ORLAND SAW & MOWER 235 E. 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