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DAVIS Incidence rates of both joint disorders and can- cers at various neuter ages are much more pronounced in golden retrievers than in the Labrador retrievers, UC Davis researchers found. Labrador retrievers are less vulnerable than golden retrievers to the long-term health effects of neutering, as evidenced by higher rates of certain joint disorders and devastating cancers, accord- ing to a new study by re- searchers at the University of California, Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine. "We found in both breeds that neutering before the age of 6 months, which is common practice in the United States, significantly increased the occurrence of joint disorders — espe- cially in the golden retriev- ers," said lead investigator Benjamin Hart, a distin- guished professor emeritus in the school. "The data, however, showed that the incidence rates of both joint disorders and cancers at various neu- ter ages were much more pronounced in golden re- trievers than in the Labra- dor retrievers," he said. He noted that the find- ings not only offer insights for researchers in both hu- man and veterinary medi- cine, but are also important for breeders and dog own- ers contemplating when, and whether, to neuter their dogs. Dog owners in the United States are over- whelmingly choosing to neuter their dogs, in large part to prevent pet overpop- ulation or avoid unwanted behaviors. This new compari- son of the two breeds was prompted by the research team's earlier study, re- ported in February 2013, which found a marked in- crease in the incidence of two joint disorders and three cancers in golden re- trievers that had been neu- tered. Health records of goldens and Labradors examined The golden retriever and the Labrador retriever were selected for this study be- cause both are popular breeds that have been widely accepted as family pets and service dogs. The two breeds also are similar in body size, conformationandbehavioral characteristics. The study was based on 13 years of health re- cords from the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medi- cine for neutered and non- neutered male and female Labrador retrievers and golden retrievers between the ages of 1 and 8 years of age. These records included 1,015 golden retriever cases and 1,500 Labrador retriever cases. The researchers com- pared the two breeds ac- cording to the incidence of three cancers: lymphosar- coma, hemangiosarcoma and mast cell tumor. They also calculated the incidence for each breed of three joint disorders: hip dysplasia, cra- nial cruciate ligament tear and elbow dysplasia. The researchers also noted in these cases whether the dogs had been neutered before the age of 6 months, between 6 and 11 months, between 12 and 24 months or between age 2 and 9 years of age. Neutering and joint dis- orders In terms of joint disorders, the researchers found that non-neutered males and fe- males of both breeds experi- enced a five-percent rate of one or more joint disorders. Neutering before the age of 6 months was associated with a doubling of that rate to 10 percent in Labrador retriev- ers. In golden retrievers, how- ever, the impact of neutering appeared to be much more severe. Neutering before the age of 6 months in goldens increased the incidence of joint disorders to what Hart called an "alarming" four-to- five times that of non-neu- tered dogs of the same breed. Male goldens experienced the greatest increase in joint disorders in the form of hip dysplasia and cranial cruci- ate ligament tear, while the increase for Labrador males occurred in the form of cra- nial cruciate ligament tear and elbow dysplasia. "The effects of neutering during the first year of a dog's life, especially in larger breeds, undoubtedly reflects the vulnerability of their joints to the delayed closure of long-bone growth plates, when neutering removes the gonadal, or sex, hormones," Hart said. Neutering and cancers The data also revealed im- portant differences between the breeds in relation to the occurrence of cancers. In non-neutered dogs of both breeds, the incidence of one or more cancers ranged from 3 to 5 percent, except in male goldens, where can- cer occurred at an 11-per- cent rate. Neutering appeared to have little effect on the can- cer rate of male goldens. However, in female gold- ens, neutering at any point beyond 6 months elevated the risk of one or more can- cers to three to four times the level of non-neutered fe- males. Neutering in female Lab- radors increased the cancer incidence rate only slightly. "The striking effect of neutering in female golden retrievers, compared to male and female Labradors and male goldens, suggests that in female goldens the sex hormones have a pro- tective effect against can- cers throughout most of the dog's life," Hart said. Funding for the study was provided by the American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation and the Cen- ter for Companion Animal Health at UC Davis. Other members of this UC Davis research team are Lynette Hart and Abigail Thigpen, both of the School of Veterinary Medicine, and Neil Willits of the Depart- ment of Statistics. VETERINARY Neuteringhealtheffectsmoresevere for golden retrievers than Labradors A question I re- ceive nearly every day goes something like this: I'm ready to get started taking back control of my fi- nances. But how do I get started? It's like I'm stuck. Don't think you are alone if you find yourself want- ing to do all the steps at once. But that could be a big mistake. In the same way when building a house you wouldn't pour the founda- tion, raise the walls and put on the roof all at the same time,withyourmoneymake- over, you need to take things one step at a time. First you need to lay the foundation. I call this initial step "tracking." You can- not manage what you cannot measure. Tracking means to write down exactly where every penny goes. If you bring home $793.42 this week, next week you should be able to account for every single cent. Where did that money go? I suggest that you track on a daily basis. Every morning start with a fresh sheet of paper. Throughout the day, as you spend any amount of money, write it down. How much did you spend andwhatdidyouspenditfor? Do this for at least 30 days (longer may be necessary if you are really in a financial fog).Ideallybothyouandyour partner should keep record. At the end of a month pull out all of those daily records. Categorize your spending. You will begin to see pat- terns. Perhaps you spend $3.49 a day on lattes. Of course there are no right or wrong answers here. But you might want to point out to yourself that if you keep this up for a year, you will shell out $1,273 on coffee drinks. Apply this multiplication to all of your spending catego- ries. Where are things really out of line? Can you see why you are spending more than you earn? How much of your spending was done with cash? Debit cards? Check- book? Credit cards? What might you have done dif- ferently to come out with a more favorable end? It is not going to take the assessment of a profes- sional financial planner to point out problems in your spending. You will see that instinc- tively. Putting things in black and white has a way of clear- ing the fog. You may find this to be the activity that keeps you going in the right direction month after month. Some people find they need to do this for the rest of their lives as a nor- mal part of their personal fi- nance management. It can't hurt. Cutting expenses in ev- ery way possible is the next logical step. The goal is to get your outgo to be less than your income by trim- ming expenses. The best way to trim is to do a little bit in every area. Little things really add up when it comes to trimming just as they do when it comes to foolish and unaccounted spending. Just think: If you had your lattes just three days a week rather than seven, you would trim more than $700 from your annual spending. It takes time, but little by little you will be amazed how well you can do. OK, there's your jump- start. I would love to know how this is working for you. Wouldyouliketosendatip to Mary? You can email her at mary@everydaycheap- skate.com, or write to Eve- ryday Cheapskate, P.O. Box 2099, Cypress, CA 90630. EVERYDAY CHEAPSKATE When you're stuck and can't get going Today REDBLUFF Celebrate Recovery:7 p.m., Bethel Assembly of God, 625Luther Road, 527-0445or 366-6298 Red Bluff Rotary Club Sunrise: 7a.m., M&M Ranch CORNING Car Show: 5-9p.m., Bar- tels Giant Burger, 22355 Corning Road, local car clubs welcome, 824-2788 Nutrition Classes: 11:30 a.m. to 1p.m., 175Solano St., 824-7670 Saturday RED BLUFF Chamber Certified Farm- ers Market: 7:30a.m. to noon, River Park 527-6220 Frontier Village Farmers Market: 8a.m. to 1p.m., 645Antelope Blvd. TEHAMA Tehama County Museum: 1-4p.m., 275C St., group tours any day by appoint- ment, 384-2595 Sunday RED BLUFF AA Live and Let Live: noon and 5:30p.m., 785 Musick St., seven days a week except Thursday meets at 8p.m. Al-Anon New Comers At Heart: 6:30-7:30p.m., Presbyterian Church of Red Bluff, 838Jefferson Road, Room 2, 690-2034 Kelly-Griggs House Mu- seum: 1-3p.m., 311Wash- ington St., group tours by appointment, 527-1129or 527-5895 TEHAMA Tehama County Museum: 1-4p.m., 275C St., group tours any day by appoint- ment, 384-2595 Monday RED BLUFF Community Band Con- cert: 8p.m., River Park, free English as a Second Language class: 5:30- 8:30p.m., Red Bluff High School Adult Ed building, 1295Red Bud, 736-3308, same time Tuesday and Wednesday and 9a.m. to 12:20p.m. Thursdays, free childcare from 9a.m. to 12:20p.m. classes in Richlieu Hall, 900John- son St. Gastric Bypass Support Group: 6p.m., St. Eliza- beth Community Hospital, Columba room, 529-3066 Head Injury Recreational Entity: 10a.m.-2p.m., St. Elizabeth Community Hos- pital, Coyne Center, Rusty, 529-2059 Key to Life: 6p.m., Fam- ily Resource Center, 220 Sycamore St. Ste. 101, 528-8066 Nutrition classes: 10:30 a.m. to noon, 220Syca- more St. #101 PAL Martial Arts: 3-5 p.m., ages 5-18, 1005Vista Way, Ste. C, free, 529- 7950 Retired and Active Federal Employees: 11:45a.m., Cozy Diner 259 S. Main St., call Karen at 585-2494 Salvation Army Writing Class: 9:30-11:30a.m., 940Walnut St., 527-8530 Senior Writing Class: 10 a.m. to noon, Sycamore Center, 220Sycamore St., 527-5762 Sun Country Quilters Community Service Group: 9a.m. to noon, Family Resource Center, 220Sycamore St. Ste. 101, 528-1126 TeenScreen Mental Health appointments: 10a.m. to 2p.m., free, by appointment only, 1900 Walnut St., 527-8491, Ext. 3012 Tehama County Military Family Support Group: 6p.m., Countryside Cafe, 638Washington St., 529- 2416 TOPS Club (take off pounds Sensibly): 8:30 a.m., First Christian Church, 926Madison Ave., 527-7541or 347-6120, visit www.tops.org US citizenship prepara- tion class: 5:30-8:30 p.m., Red Bluff High School Adult Ed building, 1295Red Bud, 736-3308, same time Tuesday and Wednesday Venture Crew 1914meet- ing: 6:30-8p.m., Moose Lodge on 99W, coed ages 14-20welcome CORNING Alcoholics Anonymous, noon Monday through Friday: 5p.m. Thursday, 7 p.m. Monday, Tuesday and Saturday and 1p.m. Sun- day, 783Solano St., behind the Church Bingo: 5:15p.m. early bird, 6:30p.m. regular games, Maywood Grange, State Route 99W just past Liberal Avenue, 833- 5343 Exchange Club member- ship meeting: 7p.m., Iron Skillet Kirkwood School Board: 5p.m., 2049Kirkwood Road Narcotics Anonymous: 7 p.m., 820Marin St., 824- 1114or 586-0245, daily through Saturday: noon Mondays, no meeting the third Wednesday Sewing group: 9a.m., Family Resource Center, West and South streets, 824-7670 Spanish Adult Education: 5p.m., Family Resource Center, West and South streets, 824-7670 Strategies for Success, Life Skill classes: 1:30 p.m., Family Resource Center, West and South streets, 824-7670 Weight Watchers: weigh in 5:30p.m., meeting 6 p.m., Senior Center LOS MOLINOS Senior Dance: 7p.m., Senior Center, Josephine Street, 384-2100 COTTONWOOD Cottonwood Garden Club: 10a.m., 20595Gas Point Road, potluck lunch to follow, 347-1281or 347- 3852 FLOURNOY Flournoy Elementary School Board: 6p.m., 16850Paskenta Road Tuesday RED BLUFF Alzheimer's and demen- tia support group: 6p.m., Lassen House, 705Luther Road, 529-2900 Cribbage Club: 6p.m., Cozy Diner, 259S. Main St., 527-6402 First Five Tehama: 3-5 p.m. Tehama County Department of Education, 1135Lincoln St. Fun Senior Aerobics: 8-9 a.m., $1per class, Com- munity Center, 1500S. Jackson St., 527-8177 Healthier Living with Chronic Conditions: 5:30-8p.m., St. Elizabeth Community Hospital, Wright Room, 888-628- 194 International Order of the Rainbow for Girls: 6:45p.m., Masonic Hall 822Main St. 527-6715 CALENDAR US FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE PHOTO A black Labrador retriever with a drake mallard. Mary Hunt Local Businesses create and maintain jobs, provide personal customer service, donate to local charitable causes and community betterment projects, generate sales tax revenue ... and turn cities into communities. We hope you will always remember to shop locally first for the goods and services you need! Spotlight HighlightingselectedTehamaCountybusinessesfortheircustomerandcommunityservice! 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